Abstract
Although Sonali chicken is introduced to the poultry industry of Bangladesh during 1999-2000 and after that playing a pivotal role in national economy, no literature is available regarding histomorphometry of spleen of Sonali chicken. As spleen is a key component of chicken’s defense mechanism, the study was designed to investigate the age related development of spleen of Sonali chicken, i.e, morphohistology and biometry at several postnatal stages. The investigation was carried out on 25 healthy Sonali chickens representing different ages at after hacting days 1, 14, 28, 42, and 56 (n=5). After ethically sacrifice (cervical subluxation method), spleen was collected and subjected for both macro and microscopic examinations. Haematoxylin and Eosin stain was done for the later. Morphologically, spleen was found lying dorsally at the right side of the abdominal cavity. It was oval or rounded organ, reddish brown in color. The gross morphometric observations (average weight, organ index, length, width and thickness) found significantly increasing throughout the tenure (p<0.001). In microscopic study, no trabeculae and identifying marginal zone was recorded in the splenic parenchyma of Sonali chicken. And a component of white pulp (lymphatic nodules) appeared at day 14 onward. This study gives an insight about the age correlated development of spleen of Sonali chicken at different age intervals which advance our knowledge and leads an array for further immunization researches about immunological activities and molecular detection of spleen, which would be impossible without learning the basic anatomy.
 Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 69-75
Highlights
A fundamental pattern of lymphoid tissues is their autonomous phylogenetic origin (Khalil, 2001)
The spleen of Sonali chicken appeared as a friable, soft, lymphoid organ with variable size and shape according to the age
In the course of experiment, the changes observed in the average weight, organ index, length, width and thickness of spleen of chicken presented in table 1
Summary
A fundamental pattern of lymphoid tissues is their autonomous phylogenetic origin (Khalil, 2001). General knowledge of the composition of lymphoid tissue serves as a fundamental element in providing a detailed understanding of its physiology and immunology (Kaspers and Schat, 2008). It is well known that the pivotal components of the body defense mechanism are the innate and acquired arms. The innate immunity exhibits a non-specific immune response following the failure of the first line of body defense. An antigen-specific effector mechanism is used for adaptive immunity (Mishra, 2002). As the largest secondary lymphoid organ, the spleen plays a range of beneficial roles in immune response, including clearing the bloodstream of the cells either infected or damaged and supplying the host with resistance to infection. The red and white pulp with a distinct marginal zone consist the mammalian spleen paranchyma; there is lack of morphologically distinct marginal zone in chicken
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