Abstract
Abstract In the early part of this century, two enterprising individuals, Charles Urban and Henry W. Joy, decided to improve on the system of viewing and projecting motion-pictures which, at the time, had been in existence for only a few short years. Charles Urban, already well known in the then infant motion picture industry for his Bioscope projector, registered the trademark ‘SPIROGRAPH’ in England on 7th August 1909, two-and-a-half years before he obtained the American registration, on 26th March 19121 . The mark was probably coined to emphasize the manner in which the images are positioned on the disc. The product itself has received minimal attention in texts on the history of motion-picture apparatus. It appeared on the American market before the First World War, and was manufactured in ‘Spiro Park’ in Irvington-on-Hudson, a small town slightly north of New York City. (Mr Urban gave his residence in London as the ‘Urbanon House’ and may have liked to name places of residence after himself or his pr...
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