Abstract
Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence of Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis (SOS) and sella turcica morphometry (STM) association with different phenotype factors related to ectopic eye tooth/teeth (EET) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Methods: This comparative retrospective study analyzed 252 CBCT images. Subjects in the EET group consisted of 197 CBCT images with the phenotype factor in number, i.e., unilateral (13, n = 62; 23, n = 59) or bilateral (1323, n = 76) and matched control (n = 55). SOS and STM were investigated using 3D OnDemand Software. Seven parameters of STM were measured. To test the association X2 used for SOS prevalence, disparities in STM were tested using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. Results: The prevalence of unfused SOS was 48.4% and 16.1% in the 1323 and control groups, respectively. Fused SOS prevalence was quite similar in all four groups. Phenotype factor in number, i.e., unilateral 13, 23, or bilateral EET group showed significant disparities in six out of seven parameters (p = 0.044 to p ≥ 0.001). Additionally, phenotype factor in position, i.e., occlusal, buccal, or palatal group showed insignificant disparities (p = 0.463 to p = 1.00). Conclusion: SOS in the ectopic eye tooth group (EETG) was prevalent in the 1323 and buccal position groups. Differing from previous two-dimensional (2D) studies, there were statistically significant disparities in all seven measured variables of STM among control, and three different phenotype factors in numbers were revealed using three-dimensional (3D) CBCT imaging.
Highlights
After 2-week interval, kappa test results of SOS prevalence agreement were excellent
The intent of this retrospective study was to uncover the prevalence of SOS, sella turcica morphometry (STM) and their association with different phenotype factors related to eye tooth/teeth (EET) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging in a Saudi population
Our study revealed the prevalence of un-fused SOS of 48.4% in the eye tooth group (EETG) (1323) and
Summary
Synchondrosis is a cartilaginous union between bones composed entirely of hyaline cartilage. They exist between ossification centers of developing bones, and gradually ossify [1]. Three important endochondral growth centers are identified in the craniofacial skeleton, namely the sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis, the intersphenoid synchondrosis and the Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis (SOS) [2,3]. Synchondrosis of cranial base is crucial for the maturity of the craniofacial complex. SOS is related to maxillo-facial complex growth and plays an important role in orthodontic management and forensic anthropology [4]
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