Abstract
Simple SummaryIn the mating, reproduction, and phylogenetic reconstruction of various insect taxa, the morphological characteristics of the male reproductive system, spermatogenesis, and sperm ultrastructure are important. We investigated these morphological characteristics of Trypophloeus klimeschi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), which is one of the most destructive pests of Populus alba var. pyramidalis (Bunge) using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. We also compared these morphological characteristics with that found in other Curculionidae.The male reproductive system, sperm structure, and spermatogenesis of Trypophloeus klimeschi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), which is one of the most destructive pests of Populus alba var. pyramidalis (Bunge), were investigated using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The male reproductive system of T. klimeschi is composed of testes, seminal vesicles, tubular accessory glands, multilobulated accessory glands, vasa deferentia, and a common ejaculatory duct. In spermatogenesis, two phenomena are apparent: The nuclear chromatin condenses into two different patterns, and an oval preacrosomal vesicle is present at the flank of the Golgi apparatus. The sperm are short, measuring 76.7 ± 1.8 μm in length, and are 508.1 ± 12.9 nm in width. The sperm are composed of a three-layer acrosomal complex, a cylindrical nucleus, two mitochondrial derivatives, a 9 + 9 + 2 axoneme, and two accessory bodies with a large “puff”-like expansion. Mature sperm are individually stored in seminal vesicles. During spermiogenesis, the similarities in the nuclear chromatin condensation characteristics of Curculioninae and Scolytinae are indicative of their close phylogenetic relationship. It appears that the preacrosomal vesicle being flanked by the Golgi apparatus is a characteristic of spermatogenesis in Curculionidae.
Highlights
IntroductionCurculionidae, with about 48,000 valid species, is the largest family of known organisms [1]
The tubular accessory gland is connected to the seminal vesicle, while the multilobulated accessory gland surrounds the vas deferens (Figure 1A)
In terms of general morphology, the male reproductive tract of T. klimeschi is composed of two testes, two seminal vesicles, two tubular accessory glands, two multilobulated accessory glands, two vasa deferentia, and an ejaculatory duct, and this composition is identical to that reported for other Curculionidae [13,25,26,27,30,31,32]
Summary
Curculionidae, with about 48,000 valid species, is the largest family of known organisms [1]. Many pest species, such as Scolytus schevyrewi, Scolytus seulensis, Scolytus rugulosus, Scolytus multistriatus, Trypophloeus populi, Lepyrus japonicuse, Sympiezomias velatus, and Cryptorhynchus lapathi, attack poplar trees and other hardwood, causing significant economic and ecological problems worldwide [2,3,4,5,6]. It was first recorded in the Kyrgyz. The injured branches turn yellow and wither, and dense holes are formed in the trunk surface, causing the injured trees to wither and rapidly die [2]. The prevention and control of T. klimeschi must involve the control of population number [13]
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