THE SPELLING RULES OF THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE IN 1923 AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE SPELLING OF BAITURSYNULY

Abstract

Just as every language has its history, it also has a history of symbolic meaning – letters and spelling rules. The writing culture of a particular country, people, or nation with a national language covers several epochs and historicalperiods. It is known that the Kazakh national script has been formed since 1912 in connection with the name of Akhmet Baitursynuly and is still being updated, improved, and developed every year. Therefore, each stage of the development of the spelling rules of the Kazakh language is very important both for linguistics and for the future of Kazakh writing. The article analyzes the history and scientific significance of the "New Spelling Rule of the Kazakh language", consisting of 13 articles describing the beginning of the "national stage" of Akhmet Baitursynuly's letter reform, published by the Council of Education of the Academic Center at the Educational Commissariat of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (KazASSR) in 1923. In particular, there are analysed such topical issues as the scientific and social prerequisites that led to the adoption of this provision, its connection with the Baytursynuly’s spelling in 1912, the scientific basis and meaning of each article, achievements and disadvantages, prerequisites for the adoption of this spelling rule by the Education Commission under the People's Commissariat of Education of the Turkestan Autonomy, the reasons for the reduction of some paragraphs, conclusions of the Kazakh intelligentsia about this situation.