The Spectrum of Renal Pathologies in Saudi Pediatrics Patients Using Ultrasound.

Abstract

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has a high population of children with hereditary renal infections whose factors are linked to the X chromosomes. This study aims to determine the spectrum of renal pathologies in Saudi pediatrics patients as well as to link the genetic aspect to the development of renal diseases in Saudi children by using ultrasound. The study, hence sought to analyze the outcomes of a cross-sectional retrospective study report at the Radiology department of King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) within 12 months retrogressively. Data was collected using ultrasound machines with B-mode and Doppler modes used to generate results that were later filled in forms. Demographic characteristics showed that even though the study incorporated the children between the ages of 1-14 years, renal infection was most prevalent in children between the ages 4-7 years. The study revealed that male children were at a higher risk of getting a hereditary renal infection compared to their female counterparts. Indications for renal ultrasound examination of the study samples indicated that the ectopic renal disease affected 2% of the 50 sample size, while hydronephrosis affected 26% of the sample. The current study was able to successfully highlight the role of ultrasound in the detection of a wide range of renal diseases among Saudi children. Additionally, this study attempted to link the genetic aspect to the development of renal diseases in Saudi children, but the use of ultrasound alone was not very helpful in this.