Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence has been defined by World Health Organization (WHO) as “Critical period of transition from childhood to adulthood and progression from appearance of secondary sexual characters to sexual and reproductive maturity, and development of the adult mental process.” AIMS and Objectives: Evaluation of gynaecological problems among adolescent and diagnostic modalities used to evaluate the disorders and treatment options. Material and Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted among the 335 adolescent girls aged between 10-19 years over the period from January 2017 to March 2018. Results: The mean age of study population was 16.41±2.10 years, 71.05% of the girls presented in the late adolescence period with gynaecological problems. The mean age of menarche was 13.11±1.03 years. The mean body mass index was 18.93±3.22. 68.36% of girls presented in outdoor with menstrual problems followed by vaginal discharge (11.04%), pain abdomen (8.36%), urinary complaints (5.08%) and acne/Hirsuitism (2.68%) girls. Among girls with menstrual disorders maximum number of girls (41.04%) presented with heavy menstural bleeding, followed by amenorrhoea (19.65%), oligomenorrhea (16.59%), dysmenorrhoea (16.59%), hypomenorrhoea (2.64%) and irregular cycles in 3.49% girls. Among 57 girls with PCOS, oligomenorrhea (64.94%) was the most common presenting complaint followed by acne/hirsuitism (15.78%), secondary amenorrhoea (12.28%), heavy menstrual bleeding and hypomenorrhoea (3.50%) each. Mean haemoglobin in the present study was 11.80=1.45 mg/dl. Anaemia was seen in 156(46.56%) girls and severe anaemia was seen in 2.42% girls. Ultrasonographic examination carried out in to 203(60.59%) girls, among them 21.18% had PCOS, 10.83% had ovarian mass, 0.98% had TO mass, 8.73% had congenital anomalies and 0.98% each had ovarian torsion and renal calculi. Puberty menorrhagia was the most common disorder seen in 27.16% girls followed by PCOS (17.01%), dysmenorrhoea (11.34%), vaginal discharge (11.04%), ovarian masses (6.56%) and UTI (5.07%) in girls. Conclusion: Menstrual disorders and PCOS are the common gynaecological disorders seen in about two third and one fifth of the adolescent girls in Indian population. Anaemia is associated in about one half of the adolescent girls. PCOS if not managed earlier can lead to metabolic syndrome and infertility. These gynaecological problems alter the quality of life, affecting career, education and social life of young girls. Prevention is always better so there is urgent need of awareness programs about gynaecological disorders at school and college levels so that these young girls can be made aware and seek medical advice timely, thus preventing long term complications of gynaecological disorders.
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More From: International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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