The Spectrum of Acute Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with COVID-19.

Rachel Triay,Junaid Ansari,Alexandra Gaudet,Felicity N E Gavins,Vijayakumar Javalkar,Hugo H Cuellar-Saenz,Roger E Kelley,Rosario Maria S Riel-Romero,Mehdi Faraji,Harish Siddaiah,Steven Bailey,Alexas Gaudet,Victoria Winter,Eduardo Gonzalez-Toledo,Prabandh Buchhanolla

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020435

Abstract

(1) Background: COVID-19 infection is responsible for the ongoing pandemic and acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been observed in COVID-19 patients. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study of hospitalized adult patients admitted to our hospital with SARS-CoV-2 and acute cerebrovascular disease. All clinical data were reviewed including epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory data, neuroradiological findings, hospital management and course from 32 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 management with acute cerebrovascular disease. (3) Results: Acute CVD with COVID-19 was associated with higher NIH stroke scale on discharge compared to non-COVID-19 CVDs. Seizures complicated the hospital course in 16% of COVID-19 patients with CVD. The majority of the acute CVDs were ischemic (81%) in nature followed by hemorrhagic (22%). Acute CVD with COVID-19 resulted in average hospital stays greater than twice that of the control group (13 days in COVID-19, 5 days in control). Acute CVD with COVID-19 patients had worse clinical outcomes with 31% patient deaths and 6% discharged to hospice. In the control group, 6% of patients died. (4) Conclusions: Acute CVD associated with COVID-19 tends to be more complicated with unique and adverse clinical phenotype, longer hospital admissions, and worse clinical outcomes.

Highlights

All clinical data were reviewed including epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory data, neuroradiological findings, hospital management and course from 32 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 management with acute cerebrovascular disease at OLSU-S and 36 age- and sex-matched patients hospitalized during the same time period with non-COVID cerebrovascular disease
Studies have been ongoing throughout the COVID-19 pandemic analyzing the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in COVID-19 patients [3]
The incidence of patients with acute CVD in COVID-19 patients admitted to OLSU-S was 4.1%

Summary

Introduction

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory. Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the ongoing pandemic resulting in over 5 million deaths worldwide. Despite COVID-19 being an acute respiratory disease, it has a potential to cause a broad range of neurological manifestations due to neurotropism [1]. A wide range of neurological manifestations are known to be associated with COVID-19 infection, including, but not limited to, encephalopathy, seizures, cerebrovascular events, acute polyneuropathy, headache, and hypogeusia.

Methods

Results

Conclusion