Abstract
In 1920s –1930 s Ukrainian culture acted in pan-European context, so its literary fund was enriched by new plots, images, characters, subjects and motives.Under requirements of ideologically engaged criticism, nationalists were depicted as asocial elements that were localized in the echelons by efforts of Bolsheviks and populace. In the novel nationalists were portrayed like medieval soldiers of fortune, adventurer. Being in the pay of capitalists, they aimed to destabilize people, intercept the union of Ukrainian nation and Red Army.In the novel the fighters of Directorate are just a gang of villains, robbers and thugs. It is emphasized through the characterization, the characters’ slashing criticism and animadversion to each other. They are considered as Kozaks only by convention, in virtue of clothing or portrait details. The discordant comic surnames of new Kozaks is a way to display their inaptitude and moral degeneration.According to canons of adventurous genre, Petro Letz-Otamaniv was depicted as a typical chevalier of fortune, adventurer which wants to change his social and property status. His portrait features draw out his avarice and self-interest as immanent feature of character. The features of typical adventurer are traced in Letz-Otamaniv’s style of dressing. It is noticed that his garment and accessories demonstrate the false though he attempts to look gentility. Like others adventurers he shifts the blame to external circumstances and God’s will. The behavior and ambitions of Letz-Otamaniv bring to mind the adventurous protagonists of «The Red and the Black» by Stendhal, «Lost Illusions» by H. Balzac, «The Rougon-Macquart» by E. Zola. They feel themselves disadvantaged so descend to moral compromise or crime to reach the top of society. But Letz-Otamaniv is already depreciated by social life because of his environment, circumstances, and his intention to get a status (nobles). He becomes a laughable double.
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