The Spatial Pattern and Risking Factors of Leprosy Incident in Barru Regency in 2013-2015

Abstract

This study was aiming to determine leprosy disease spread and spatial study in thematic map of leprosy disease incidence using Geographic Information System and risk factor of leprosy disease in Barru regency between 2013-2015.The study was used the description/analytical survey with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Barru Regency to find out the cases of the leprosy patients which was 1/100,000 people. The samples comprised all leprosy patients in Barru regency in 2013-2015. The data collection was carried out using observation and interviews. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSS program and spatial analysis used ArcView GIS version 10.1. The leprosy disease distribution pattern in Barru regency in 2013 was randomly distributed in all sub-districts. Meanwhile, leprosy disease cases were clustered in Barru district on 2014 and 2015. The buffer map of distance between leprosy patient and community health center (Puskesmas) was still within 2 to 6 km in Barru regency, only some leprosy patient in Tanete Riaja sub-district was above radius of 6 km from health center, Puskesmas. Most of leprosy disease cases had infected male patients, aged more 29 years, mostly Bugis race/ethnicity, lack of education about leprosy, BCG vaccination, poor personal hygiene, and had contact duration less than 2 years. Based on respondent's socioeconomic factor, average of leprosy patients had low education, worked at risk and their income less than minimum wage. Besides, leprosy patient house environment had met health requirement such as room humidity, room lighting and ventilation. Most of respondents had not met health requirement for room temperature. The community, health officers and previous leprosy patients actively participated in given the leprosy information so that earlier detection on leprosy disease had been performed. In additions, healthy person that had contact exposure took their precaution by doing self-examination and reported to the health center for further treatment.