Abstract
As an essential support for rural revitalization and global tourism strategies, rural tourism has a lot to do in the dual-cycle development pattern. Based on the first and second batch of crucial rural tourism villages in the country, the nearest neighbor index, geographic concentration index, Gini coefficient, standard deviation ellipse, nuclear density and other methods are used to analyze their spatial distribution types, spatial balance, spatial pattern and evolution. Then, the factors influencing the distribution differences are analyzed by using the tools of geographic connection rate and buffer zone. From a configuration perspective, QCA is used to explore the development model of crucial rural tourism villages. The results show that: ①China’s rural tourism crucial villages along the Hu Huanyong line show a condensed distribution characteristic of “sparsely located in the southeast and sparsely northwest”. The distribution within the provinces is weakly concentrated and the spatial imbalance is prominent. Morover, the spatial pattern is evident from the Northeast to the Southwest and shows the insense evolution trend. ②The crucial rural tourism villages are spatially formed with the dual-core radiation and multi-regional structural features centered on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and supplemented by several sub-high-density areas such as Guanzhong, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Pearl River Delta, and finally formed the radiation pattern of urban agglomerations-central cities-crucial rural tourism villages. ③Natural geography, source market, transportation environment, economic level, and endowment of tourism resources are important factors that affect the spatial distribution of crucial rural tourism villages. ④There are three main development models of crucial rural tourism villages in China: source market-driven, traffic-oriented and scenic-radiant.
Highlights
In recent years, with the promotion of rural revitalization strategies and supply-side structural reforms, the process of high-quality agricultural and rural development in China has been accelerating
G is the geographic concentration index; Xi is the number of crucialrural tourism villages in the i-th region; T is the total number of crucial rural tourism villages in the country; the larger the G, the stronger the degree of spatial agglomeration
The results show that the geographic connection rates of per capita GDP, per capita disposable income and crucial rural tourism villages are 80.53 and 83.41 respectively, which further proves that the economic environment is closely related to rural tourism
Summary
With the promotion of rural revitalization strategies and supply-side structural reforms, the process of high-quality agricultural and rural development in China has been accelerating. Since 2019, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has successively announced the first and second batch of crucial rural tourism villages in the country, clarifying the demonstration standards for rural tourism at the national level In this context, objectively analyzing the spatial laws and distribution characteristics of rural tourism and exploring the configuration paths of influencing factors are of great significance to the high-quality and sustainable development of rural tourism in China. Existing research mainly focuses on rural tourism demonstration villages[19], characteristic towns[20], and rural tourist attractions[21] at the regional scale, using gravitational models[22], nearest neighbor index[23], Gini coefficient[24], standard deviation ellipse and other spatial measurement methods to explore rural areas Tourism's spatial distribution pattern[25], spatial structure evolution[26], temporal and spatial coupling characteristics[27], etc. This article intends to proceed from the above aspects to conduct an empirical analysis of the spatial differentiation law of rural tourism in China, explore the configuration path of influencing factors, and summarize its development model
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