Abstract

This paper concludes a research on the Spanish Mutual Funds which appeared in a previous work covering the period of the 90’s. Taken together, both papers cover a period of 18 years that allows to reach some unusual conclusions. In the first paper, the Spanish Equity Mutual Funds underperformed the market by 5,7%. This abnormally huge difference could be partially explained by the high commissions charged by the funds, and by important errors in managing the funds’ portfolios, in particular: lack of diversification and wrong attempts to time the market. However, these explanations were not sufficient to account for the extremely poor performance of six funds which lagged the market by ten percentage points. The results in this new paper show a significant improvement in the return of the funds without any further evidence of the gross management errors so frequent in the 90’s. However, the Spanish funds continued to underperform the market in the last ten years and, at their present rate of improvement, they will need more than ten years to reach a performance comparable to that of the U.S. Mutual Funds. This papers reports three odd results: 1) the funds’ return-risk ratio is negative (i.e. funds with higher return assumed less risk than those with lower returns), 2) the index funds had a dismay performance lagging the market by more than 5% in return, and 3) high funds’ costs and fees do not account to explain fully the difference in return between the market and the funds. ?Where are the hidden costs? Decidedly, the Spanish Mutual Funds are quite peculiar which, perhaps, convert them into an interesting research topic. (Este trabajo concluye otro anterior centrado en la decada de los noventa sobre este mismo tema. En su conjunto, los dos trabajos abarcan 18 anos, por lo que pueden ofrecer conclusiones bastante contrastadas sobre el comportamiento de estos fondos. En el estudio anterior, la rentabilidad de los fondos se situo muy por debajo de la de la bolsa. Esta diferencia, mucho mayor que la habitual, se podia explicar por las comisiones de los fondos y por errores importantes y generalizados de sus gestores. Sin embargo, quedaban seis fondos con resultados muy negativos que no tenian una explicacion evidente. En este nuevo estudio hay una mejora significativa en la rentabilidad de los fondos. Su diferencia con la bolsa se ha reducido y no hay evidencia de los frecuentes errores de gestion del periodo anterior. A pesar de ello, la rentabilidad de los fondos, en su conjunto, sigue siendo poco satisfactoria, y al ritmo de mejora actual pasaran mas de diez anos antes de que alcancen la situacion actual de los fondos americanos, que dista de ser modelica. En este estudio aparecen tres nuevas sorpresas: 1) los fondos tienen una relacion rentabilidad-riesgo inversa, es decir, los mas rentables son los de riesgo menor; 2) la aparicion de los fondos indice ha sido decepcionante, con resultados inaceptables salvo algun caso concreto, y 3) la diferencia de rentabilidad entre la bolsa y los fondos no se puede explicar solo por sus gastos conocidos: ?donde puede estar la diferencia pendiente? Decididamente, los fondos de inversion espanoles son singulares, lo que los convierte en un tema de investigacion muy atractivo. )

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