Abstract

The author previously defined the surjective semispan for Hausdorff continua and he proved that chainable continua have empty surjective semispan. In this paper, we define the semispan, the surjective span and the span of a Hausdorff continuum. We characterize the emptiness of these notions in terms of universal mappings to prove that a continuum has empty span (semispan) if and only if each of its subcontinua has empty surjective span (semispan). We also prove that the emptiness of these notions is invariant under inverse limits.

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