Abstract
Abstract Between the First United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS I), in 1958, and UNCLOS III, which began in 1973, the position of the Soviet Union toward the law of the sea evolved noticeably in several areas. This evolution can be traced primarily to the USSR's emergence as a major civilian and military maritime power. But while developing strong capabilities to exploit distant waters, Soviet strategists remained concerned over protection of the USSR's own vast coastlines. As a result, a certain ambivalence underlay Soviet positions on several key issues at the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea. Four areas that dramatically illustrate trade‐offs between coastal and global interests, and between ideological and pragmatic concerns, are explored here: navigation in the territorial sea, transit passage through international straits, the nature of extended economic zones, and the regime for marine science. Soviet foreign relations at UNCLOS III, especially attempts at collaboration ...
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