THE SOVIET POLITICAL AND LEGAL RULES AS ONE OF THE FACTORS OF THE FORMALITY OF THE MILITARY UKRAINIAN VILLAGE

Abstract

The given article deals with the influence of Soviet political and legal regulations on the everyday life of a post-war Ukrainian village. The level of topic development in the scientific literature was analyzed. A considerable source group consists of materials, connected with the party and economic documents. They give an opportunity to find out those aspects of rural everyday life, which deals with the peasants’ manufacturing life, tangible security, village specialists supporting, etc. It was found that there were statutory regulations, that determined the permissible size properties. Excessive land was divested from the peasants, which caused their resistance and indignation. Therefore, it influenced the family’s nutrition. It was revealed that the decree of 1948, according to which the agricultural tax rate increased, affected negatively to the financial possibilities of the peasant family. Before this decree, families whose relatives died in the war and did not have able-bodied workers, except for widows, especially with children under the age of 8, were completely exempt from tax. Now they had to pay 50% of the tax. The laws concerning the production sphere of the village were analyzed. For example, the decree «About the eviction of people who viciously evade work in agriculture and lead an antisocial, parasitic lifestyle from the Ukrainian SSR» should have influenced the peasants’ attitude to work in the collective farm. It empowered the local authorities to settle the issue of exportation outside the village, the republic of virtually any peasant farmer who did not work minimum hours, as well as the residents of the village who were not members of the collective farm through the collective farms and village gatherings. In making a decision, often reasons were not usually taken into account. A significant number of sentences was unfair. The problem of the rehabilitation of rural housing was considered. In 1945. a decree was adopted, named «About the construction of residential buildings of collective farmers, industrial buildings, cultural and household structures in the countryside». It shifted the main construction works, including the provision of building materials, to the collective farms.