Abstract
Under tsarism and Soviet rule, Russia’s rulers have long employed the armed forces to quell domestic insurgency and unrest. The Russian army was and remains very ambivalent about internal security operations, however. In 1905 the army almost broke down and in 1917 and 1991 actually did break down under the prospect of such activity. Foreign observers who analyzed the Soviet collapse therefore celebrated the armed forces’ divided loyalties and especially their politicization that precluded their use against the Soviet people during the KGB- and army-launched coup of August 1991 against Mikhail Gorbachevs reforms.KeywordsSecurity CouncilGeneral StaffPresidential CouncilCivil DisturbanceSoviet ForceThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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