The South Wales End-Moraine

Abstract

I. The End-Moraine Of The Never Drift In England The course of the end-moraine of the Newer Drift of England is now, thanks to the labours of a number of glacialists, well established and, with the exception of two or three noteworthy departures, differs but slightly from the line laid down more than 40 years ago by H. Carvill Lewis. The line as now amended and completed is inserted in the accompanying small map (p. 336), in which are also inscribed the extension through Wales, the subject of this paper, and the continuation across Ireland, recently described. The track of the moraine is over 1000 miles long, and forms a markedly sinuous line, closely adapted to the varied relief. Thus the loops, directed southwards, embrace the broad basins and the wider valleys where the ready ice-flow facilitated unobstructed deployment of the lobes, and curve backwards over the intervening uplands where the ice-advance was impeded. The south-easternmost link in the long chain of mounds is the Cromer ridge which runs on the south of Cromer for 20 miles from Trimingham to Holt. North of the Wash, the continuation, as was suspected by S. V. Woods, forms a ridge of boulder-clay passing northwards into an accumulation of sands and gravels which trend by Firsby, Little Steeping, Toynton, and Keal to the southern end of the Lincolnshire Wolds. Thence the moraine, accompanied by a fine suite of marginal channels, flanks the eastern slopes of the Wolds to the Humber at South Ferriby. The