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Abstract
The South Lilly #4 site was discovered in early 2003 by Bo Nelson during a survey of portions of the South Lilly Creek valley in Upshur County, Texas. During the course of his survey he recorded 13 prehistoric archeological sites on the north side of the valley,just upstream from the FM 556 crossing of South Lilly Creek. No archaeological sites had been previously known or recorded along this stretch of the valley, but his survey made it apparent that there was a high density of prehistoric sites along this creek, a tributary to Big Cypress Creek. Nelson noted that several of these prehistoric sites had Caddo ceramic sherds, and/or were in locations where prehistoric Caddo habitation sites are often found in the northeastern Texas region. The South Lilly #4 site is in one such setting, namely a prominent upland ridge and knoll (360 feet amsl) that projects southward into the South Lilly Creek valley, but is elevated well above any seasonal flooding along the creek and its broad floodplain. The landform was in pasture at the time, and surface exposure was virtually nil.
Highlights
The South Lilly #4 site was discovered in early 2003 by Bo Nelson during a survey of portions of the South Lilly Creek valley in Upshur County, Texas
Conventional radiocarbon age: 860±70 BP 2 Sigma calibrated result: Cal AD 1020 to 1280 (Cal BP 930 to 670) (95% probability) Intercept data Intercept of radio carbon age with calibration curve: Cal AD Il90 (Cal BP 760) Sigma calibrat ed results: CaIADI 0 50 to I I 0 0 (CaIBP 9 0 0 to 8 50) and (68% probability) CaI A D 114 0 to I 2 6 0 (CaIBP 8 I 0 to 6 90)
There will be more avenues to explore at the site as future archaeological work is planned and eventually completed, but for we are grateful that the South Lilly #4 site remains protected and preserved until new archaeological studies of the Caddo people beckon
Summary
The South Lilly #4 site was discovered in early 2003 by Bo Nelson during a survey of portions of the South Lilly Creek valley in Upshur County, Texas. During the course of his survey he recorded 13 prehistoric archeological sites on the north side of the valley,just upstream from the FM 556 crossing of South Lilly Creek. No archaeological sites had been previously known or recorded along this stretch ofthe valley, but his survey made it apparent that there was a high density of prehistoric sites along this creek, a tributary to Big Cypress Creek. The South Li.IIy #4 site is in one such setting, namely a prominent upland ridge and knoll (360 feet amsl) that projects southward into the South Lilly Creek valley (Figure 1), but is elevated well above any seasonal flooding along the creek and its broad floodplain (Figure 2). The landform was in pasture at the time, and surface exposure was virtually nil
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