Abstract

Examination of the polar cap and low-latitude bays during substorms shows that there are two types of disturbances, DP 11 and DP 12, which are different not only in their morphological features, but in their origin as well. The DP 12 disturbances are associated with pure ionospheric currents, whereas the DP 11 are though to be generated by the Birkeland type current system. This conclusion is based on examination of the following characteristics: (1) the seasonal changes of the DP 11 and DP 12 disturbances in the polar cap, (2) the seasonal variations of the low-latitude bay intensity at the conjugate points in the cases of the DP 11 and DP 12 disturbances, (3) the distribution of the intensity of the DP 11 and DP 12 disturbances in both northern and southern hemispheres along the midnight meridian.

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