Abstract
Sore throat can be caused by different microorganisms and dis- eases. Most cases of acute pharyngitis are caused by group A strepto- coccus or viruses; however, uncommon organisms may be suggested by other clinical information or the persistence of symptoms. A thor- ough history and physical examination are essential for the appro- priate selection of diagnostic tests for sore throat. Routine testing for the uncomplicated case should consist of a pharyngeal culture in most patients, with rapid streptococcal antigen testing only for the more severe cases. Those with positive streptococcal tests should be treated to prevent rheumatic fever and mitigate symptoms in severe cases. Sore throat caused by viruses usually resolves spontaneously. Cases that persist should be thoroughly re-evaluated, with alterna- tive causes being considered. Acute epiglottitis is a medical emer- gency and requires treatment with appropriate antibiotics for He- mophilus influenzae type b and intubation.
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