The solution to water shortage in Ukraine based on Multi-objective programming model

Abstract

Proposing solution to clean water shortage is of great importance to all citizens of the world. In this paper, we do a research on water conditions of Ukraine, which indicates that a perfect intervention plan for solving the problem of water shortage is needed. We provide the solution on the two aspects, including physical and economic scarcity. On the one hand, we propose the solution for the improvement of total water resources, after the analysis of water availability in Ukraine and the factors to physical scarcity. On the other hand, we build multi-objective programming model for an intervention plan on economic scarcity, after the analysis of sewage treatment rate and demands of different aspects for water. Consequence of multi-objective programming has guiding significance for the realization of the sustainable development. KEYWORD: water resources; physical and economic scarcity; multi-objective programming 4th International Conference on Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (MMME 2016) © 2016. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 439 We can see the ratios of water availability to the total water resources on different aspects are all dramatically under 50%, which means the degree of exploitation of water resources is so poor that the water availability we use is limited. In consideration of the problem, we draw up intervention plan on physical scarcity below:  There is an uneven distribution of water resources in Ukraine, abundant water in the east but spare in the west.  It is suggested that transferring the water from west to east.  Build reservoirs in eastern of Ukraine for increasing water storage.  Create water diversion from the surrounding countries such as Russia in map.  The best advice is that digging a river from Cherkasy to Mykolaya in map. Figure2:water diversion map 2 THE SOLUTION TO ECONOMIC SCARCITY Making a suitable solution in terms of economic scarcity is necessary. We apply multi-objective programming model for water allocation, which will ensure the social economic resources and coordinated development between ecological and environment. Considering water resources influences not only social and economic benefits, but also ecological benefits. We regard these benefits as target, water availability, environmental capacity and others as constraint conditions for building multi-objective programming. First of all, establish objective functions: max , , 0 0 (1-4) Where let u denotes decision vector, S( ), ( ), ( ) expresses respectively social, economic and ecological benefits. Additionally, the constraint set, including total available water resources, capacity of ecological environment and so on, is denoted by S( ). Meanwhile, the district is divided into K sub zones ( = 1,2, ⋯K), and we define there are J(k) water departments in sub zone k and L water resources in the objective district. Besides, let ( = 1,2, ⋯ , ) present the quantity of water distributed to sub zone k. Based on the above, determine objective and constraint functions. As follow:  Objective functions  Social benefits As it is not easy to measure this target, we suppose human demands for water reflect social benefits in a degree. maxS u min ∑ ∑ ∑ (1-5)  Economic benefits maxE u min ∑ ∑ ∑ (1-6) Where denotes efficiency correction coefficient of ; formulates fairness correction coefficient of ; expresses the weight coefficient of sub zone k.  Ecological benefits max u min ∑ ∑ 0.01 ∑ (1-7)  Constraint equations  Supply capacity ∑ (1-8)  Water-carrying capacity of the water conveyance system