Abstract
Soils represent that superficial deposit from the land surface in a continuous evolution, but with a high vulnerability to climate change and anthropogenic interventions. The current soil was born in a long period of time (numbering hundreds of years) through pedogenetic factors and processes, but also anthropogenic influences on the parent material.The purpose of this article is to investigate the soil on the territory of a Roma village (vicus), located on both sides of the Caracal Municipality Ring Road. This is located near the Roman road from Romula (Resca village, Dobrosloveni commune, Olt County), the residence of the Dacia Inferior (Malvensis) Roman province’s governor and Sucidava (Corabia-Celei, Olt County), in a region where there was a fertile land favourable to agriculture.The parental materials (carbonate loess-like deposits loamy-clayey loam) belonging to that period are well represented in the soil horizons starting 25-30 cm from the surface to a variable depth, a fact which will be validated by on-going geophysical studies. The dominant soil is argic chernozem, belonging to the cernisols class specific to the plain area, but with a higher amount of clay. It is important to note that in the 4 soil profiles analysed in detail we find differences in soil texture within the horizons, even if there are traces of the Roman period.
Highlights
The current study represents the beginning of interdisciplinary research in the Roman region near the lower Olt valley, within the Caracal Plain and on Olt’s terraces
It is important to note that in the 4 soil profiles analysed in detail we find differences in soil texture within the horizons, even if there are traces of the Roman period
Characteristic for argic chernozems is the obvious accumulation of organic matter in the upper part of the soil profile, having as diagnostic horizon an type A molic (Am) horizon continued with an intermediate horizon (AB) having molic horizon colours, at least in the superior part and at least on the sides of the structural aggregates (SRTS, 2012) (Florea et al, 2012)
Summary
The current study represents the beginning of interdisciplinary research in the Roman region near the lower Olt valley, within the Caracal Plain and on Olt’s terraces. In this material, we try to synthesize certain morphological characteristics of the soil from a space inhabited by many civilizations, including the Roman one. The period we are interested in is well summarized by Krupenikov, 1992 It covers the 11.000 BP – 1.900 AD section, a period in which people took into account the characteristics and properties of the soil and its suitability for certain crops (Brevik & Hartemink, 2010), and the diversified use of working methods and even interventions that have created irrigation systems dating back to 9.500 BP in southern Iraq today (Troen et al, 2004)
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