The Social Restrictions Impact on Urban Heat Island Phenomena (Case Study: Cities in Java Island)

Abstract

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has hit Indonesia since March 14, 2020. The rapid spread of the virus has caused the central and regional governments to implement community activity policies. Some terms and methods used by local governments such as PSBB (the Large-Scale Social Restrictions) are applied in Special Capital Region of Jakarta and Surabaya City, in Semarang City has PKM (Restrictions on Community Activities). This study aims to analyze the impact of the social restrictions on Urban Heat Island (UHI) in the Java Island big city. This research was conducted in big cities on Java Island that apply social restrictions, namely Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Surabaya, and Malang. The data used are Landsat 8 satellite imagery in 2019 and 2020. The method used is to compare the magnitude of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and UHI before and after social restrictions. The results of the analysis explain that there is a decrease in LST and changes in UHI in the cities of Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surakarta, and Yogyakarta. However, in Surabaya and Malang, there was an increase in LST. This study concludes that the implementation of social restrictions affects changes in UHI and decreases LST.