Abstract
We report on the observation of O VII Doppler line broadening in a compact knot at the edge of SN 1006 detected with the reflective grating spectrometer on board XMM-Newton. The observed line width of σ = 3.4 ± 0.5 eV at a line energy of 574 eV indicates an oxygen temperature of kT = 528 ± 150 keV. Combined with the observed electron temperature of ~1.5 keV, the observed broadening is direct evidence for temperature nonequilibration in high Mach number shocks and slow subsequent equilibration. The O VII line emission allows an accurate determination of the ionization state of the plasma, which is characterized by a relatively high forbidden line contribution, indicating log net 9.2.
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