Abstract
The increasing volume of migration worldwide, the emergence of new forms of mobility and the differentiation of the structural characteristics of migrants have increased the challenges in terms of the complexity, determinants and consequences of migration at local, regional and national levels. For this reason, it is of utmost importance to deepen and broaden research on spatial mobility at different territorial levels, requiring greater availability of relevant and reliable data and the observation of specific spatial bases and manifestations of this phenomenon. The paper provides an overview of the main global development documents dealing with migration issues, as well as an overview of the existing data sources for monitoring this phenomenon in Serbia. The central part of the paper focuses on analyzing the migration characteristics of the Serbian population according to the results of the 2022 census. The census data demonstrate that the autoch?thonous population predominates, the female population is more mobile and long-distance migration has increased. The largest migration centers are located in the north of the country in the gravitational zone of Belgrade and Novi Sad, while the lowest mobility is recorded in the south in the Pcinja and Jablanica counties. The city of Belgrade and the city of Novi Sad, together with the tourist resorts (Vrnjacka Banja, Cajetina), are the largest migration centers. The number of people born abroad (with the exception of the countries in the region) has increased significantly. It is clear that the census cannot be the only source of migration data due to methodological limitations and incomplete coverage, but it provides a good basis for further, more complex studies of migration systems and processes, which are essential for determining the directions of future development and finding mechanisms for migration management as elements of a strategy of sustainable demographic and spatial development.
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