Abstract
Recently, there have been several studies published on the prognostic significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) status and outcome in patients with squamous oropharyngeal cancers, with improved outcome in patients with HPV-positive versus HPV-negative tumors. However, the impact of HPV pathway activation on prognosis in patients with anal cancer has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to measure p16 (surrogate for HPV) and p53 (tumor suppressor protein; its degradation is facilitated by HPV E6) protein expression status in pre-treatment tumor biopsies of anal cancer patients enrolled on RTOG 98-11, a phase III trial comparing 5-FU/mitomycin C/RT (Arm 1) vs.
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