The significance of exponential space-based heat generation and variable thermophysical properties on the dynamics of Casson fluid over a stratified surface with non-uniform thickness

Abstract

Stratification is characterized as having applications in a variety of energy storage disciplines, including solar thermal energy usage systems. The effect of heat production, magnetic field, and varied fluid characteristics on the flow of Casson fluid across unstratified and stably stratified paraboloid of revolution is investigated in this work. The velocity index is suitable to describe the fluid flow on an upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution. It is imperative to mention that the upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution is likened to the pointed surface of an aircraft which is also described as a surface with variable thickness. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations using the similarity transformation. The dimensionless nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved with the help of the Bvp4c numerical algorithm. The effects of relevant parameters are revealed on various profiles and discussed. It is observed that both the temperature and concentration distributions decrease with increase in thermal stratification and solutal stratification parameters when the velocity index parameter