Abstract
The Sharma–Mittal holographic dark energy model is investigated in this paper using the Chern–Simons modified gravity theory. We investigate several cosmic parameters, including the deceleration, equation of state, square of sound speed, and energy density. According to the deceleration parameter, the universe is in an decelerating and expanding phase known as de Sitter expansion. The Sharma–Mittal HDE model supports a deceleration to acceleration transition that is compatible with the observational data. The EoS depicts the universe’s dominance era through a number of components, such as ω=0, 13, 1, which indicate that the universe is influenced by dust, radiation, and stiff fluid, while −1<ω<13, ω=−1, and ω<−1 are conditions for quintessence DE, ΛCDM, and Phantom era dominance. Our findings indicate that the universe is in an accelerated expansion phase, and this is similar to the observational data.
Highlights
An intriguing and longstanding problem that became a genuine test for gravity theories emerged from the observed accelerated expansion of universe [1,2,3]
The Sharma–Mittal holographic dark energy model (SMHDE) model was studied in this manuscript within the framework of Chern–Simons modified gravity (CSMG)
We studied the deceleration parameter, Equation of state (EoS), the square of sound speed, and the energy density as cosmological parameters
Summary
An intriguing and longstanding problem that became a genuine test for gravity theories emerged from the observed accelerated expansion of universe [1,2,3]. The Einstein field equations were solved by Contreras in 2 + 1 dimensional string theory using the minimum geometric deformation method to explore an-isotropic solution [21] He evaluated a standard non-regular BH solution that contains exotic or non-exotic hair solutions depending on the cosmological constant. The generalized entropies of Rényi [24] and Tsallis [25] are appropriate models for the accelerated universe These are commonly used to examine different gravitational and cosmological arrangements. Keeping in mind the above motivations, the SMHDE model is used in this paper to investigate the deceleration parameter, energy density, Equation of state (EoS), and square of sound speed in CSMG. These are arranged in the following order. The final section contains a summary and our concluding remarks
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