The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio as a triage tool to identify superimposed preeclampsia in women with chronic hypertension in emergency rooms.

Abstract

Assess the usefulness of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio for the differential diagnosis of uncontrolled chronic hypertension vs. superimposed preeclampsia. We performed a cross-sectional study from 2015 to 2017 and 42 women with initial diagnosis of superimposed preeclampsia were enrolled in the emergency room. After a 12week follow up patients were grouped as superimposed preeclampsia (Group A) and uncontrolled chronic hypertension (Group B) according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist criteria. A group of 33 healthy women paired by gestational age were included as controls (Group C). Maternal serum levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF were measured at enrollment, and the ratios of the groups were compared. Superimposed preeclampsia vs. uncontrolled chronic hypertension. After follow-up, group distribution was 30 women in Group A, 12 women in Group B, and 25 women in Group C. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was higher in women with superimposed preeclampsia than in women with uncontrolled chronic hypertension (215.5 vs. 9.65, p<0.001). The control group displayed lower ratio values (3.66, p<0.001). The sFlt-1 concentration was higher in Group A than in Group B (7564 vs. 1281pg/mL, p<0.001) and the PlGF level was lower in Group A (34.39 vs. 169pg/mL, p<0.001). The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio exhibits good performance for the differential diagnosis of superimposed preeclampsia vs. uncontrolled chronic hypertension.