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Abstract
Analyzing traffic accidents is very important due to their direct impact on the social environment. In the literature, many studies focus on the different aspects that influence traffic accidents, such as human, vehicle, road and environment risk factors. In this paper, we propose a methodology for testing the relationship between road, external environment, driver and vehicle characteristics, and certain circumstances that lead to the traffic crashes. Particularly, we elaborate on logistic regression models for evaluating how these different characteristics impact on crash severity, considering the combination of traffic circumstances that caused the crash. In each combination, a vehicle proceeded regularly, whereas the other vehicle did an incorrect maneuver (the vehicle proceeded: with distracted driving; without maintaining the safety distance; with speeding; by maneuvering to join the circulation flow; against the flow). The present work analyzes data related to road crashes which occurred in Italy during 2016 involving two vehicles. The results show that the variables significantly influencing crash severity are different depending on the combinations of circumstances that cause the crash.
Highlights
Improving road safety and reducing the number of road crashes represents an important strategy towards the achievement of a sustainable world
According to the annual road safety statistics published by the European Commission, over 90% of traffic accidents were caused by human errors in 2016; high-speed and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs were the three causes accounting for about 80% of traffic accidents and deaths in Europe
The work focuses on the data of traffic accidents that occurred in Italy during 2016 and collected by means of a survey conducted by the Italian Institute of Statistics (Istat) [4]
Summary
Improving road safety and reducing the number of road crashes represents an important strategy towards the achievement of a sustainable world. The driver is one of the main actors who contributes to the occurrence of a traffic accident. His or her behavior is responsible for numerous traffic accidents due to the high level of risk taken during driving, and by erroneous risk perception. According to the annual road safety statistics published by the European Commission, over 90% of traffic accidents were caused by human errors in 2016; high-speed and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs were the three causes accounting for about 80% of traffic accidents and deaths in Europe. The non-use of seat belts contributes to increasing the number of injuries and victims [3]
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