Abstract
Spot 14 (S14) protein is primarily expressed in adipogenic tissues. Compared to wild type, S14 knockout mice had better resistance to diet-induced obesity and glucose tolerance. However, the association between serum S14 level and metabolic variables in humans has never been investigated. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the associations between serum S14 concentrations with components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A total of 327 subjects were recruited in this cross-sectional study and categorized by presence of MetS. The mean serum levels of S14 were significantly lower in subjects with MetS than those without (87.1±26.3 μg/L vs. 107.3±40.2 μg/L, p<0.001). In addition, the subjects with central obesity, low high density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) or hypertriglyceridemia also had significantly lower S14 levels in comparison to those without. Adjusted with age and sex, diagnosis of MetS (β = -0.227, p<0.001), central obesity (β = -0.176, p = 0.001), low HDL-C (β = -0.149, p = 0.005), and high triglyceride (TG) (β = -0.198, p<0.001) were negatively associated with log transformation of serum S14 levels (logS14). With 25% logS14 increased, the risk of MetS (OR 0.65, 95% CI, 0.51–0.82, p<0.001), central obesity (OR 0.72, 95% CI, 0.58–0.89, p = 0.002), low HDL-C (OR 0.76, 95% CI, 0.61–0.95, p = 0.015) or high TG (OR 0.65, 95% CI, 0.51–0.83, p = 0.001) was reduced with a dose response trend. Our analysis revealed that patients with MetS had lower serum S14 levels than those without. Negative associations existed between MetS, central obesity, high TG, low HDL-C and logS14.
Highlights
The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the modern society has increased tremendously, probably due to poor dieting and exercise habits [1]
The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of serum Spot 14 (S14) concentrations with anthropometric and metabolic factors in human subjects
Each quartile increment in logS14 was associated with reduced risk for the MetS, central obesity, low high density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) and high TG respectively by 35%, 28%, 24% and 35%
Summary
The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the modern society has increased tremendously, probably due to poor dieting and exercise habits [1]. Obesity is the major contributing factor for the MetS [3]. Adipose tissue has been considered as a genuine endocrine tissue [7]. Its expression in hepatocytes can be rapidly and tremendously induced by triiodotyronime (T3), glucose and insulin [12, 13]. The S14-knockout mice were shown to be resistant to diet-induced obesity accompanied with better insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance [15]. These knockout animals had reduced amount of adipose tissues, but normal amount of lean mass [15]
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