The seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Xinjiang, Northwest China

Xianxia Liu,Xueyun Yang,Dengfeng Wang,Jianjun Li,Jianyong Wu,Jianmei Wang

doi:10.1186/s13620-016-0079-0

Xianxia Liu, Xueyun Yang + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-016-0079-0

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundMycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic, wasting, and progressive enteritis in cattle, bringing significant economic losses in livestock industries. MAP has spread worldwide mainly due to movement of animals. The objective of this study was to determine the MAP seroprevalence in cattle in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China, and evaluate the difference between intensive farming herds (cattle number in a herd is more than 200, and the cattle cannot have access to pasture) and free-range herds (the cattle are bred by individual households, a herd is defined as the cattle are bred in a village or town in this study).ResultsA total of 3157 serum specimens were collected from 42 herds in nine different regions. This included 1481 specimens from 18 intensive farming herds in four regions and 1676 specimens from 24 free-range herds in six regions. Antibody against MAP was tested with commercial ELISA test kits. The results showed that the overall apparent prevalence was 4.8% (95% CI, 4.1 to 5.6%) at animal level, and 50.0% (21/42) at herd level. The apparent prevalence in intensive farming herds and free-range herds were 9.5% (141/1481) and 0.7% (11/1676) at the animal-level, 88.9%(16/18) and 20.8% (5/24) at herd level, respectively, with a significant statistical difference between these two farming modes (p < 0.01). Cattle in intensive farming herds had a relatively higher risk to be infected with MAP than those in free-range herds (RR = 14.4).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that apparent prevalence of MAP infection in dairy cattle differs with farming modes at the animal level and herd level, and farming density could be an important risk factor associated with the presence of MAP infected cattle. This study provides important epidemiological data for bovine MAP control in Xinjiang, Northwest China.

Highlights

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic, wasting, and progressive enteritis in cattle, bringing significant economic losses in livestock industries
Epidemiological investigations of paratuberculosis showed more than 50% of dairy cattle herds in Europe and USA were positive for the MAP antibody [11, 12]
The specimens from intensive farming herds were collected in Urumqi, Kuitun, Ili, and Aksu, where cattle are bred in an intensive farming mode

Summary

Introduction

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic, wasting, and progressive enteritis in cattle, bringing significant economic losses in livestock industries. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease, which causes severe chronic intestinal inflammatory disease in cattle and other ruminants [1]. Paratuberculosis is characterized by thickening of the intestinal wall, chronic intractable diarrhea, and progressive weight loss after infection [2]. Epidemiological investigations of paratuberculosis showed more than 50% of dairy cattle herds in Europe and USA were positive for the MAP antibody [11, 12]. Animal-level apparent prevalence has been reported with an average of 5–10% among cattle in USA, 1.2% in Belgium, and 8% in Denmark [11]. In China’s neighbouring country Korea, the apparent prevalence was reported to be 3.3% at the animal level and 13.8% at the herd level [13]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion