Abstract

Social behavior, i.e. interactive processes, commonly are said to depend on individual behavior traits and on interindividual relationship parameters simultaneously. By observational methods it is impossible to determine for a given social act to which amount it depends on properties of the individuals or relationships (group or social system) involved. A hierarchy of probabilistic measurement models is derived, which lead to measurements of individual traits which are independent from the social system in which the interaction takes place. Interindividual relationship intensities on the other hand likewise can be measured without being distorted by individual behavior traits. The measurement of an individual's social activity e.g. can be achieved in such a way that it does not depend on how socially attractive his companions are. At the same time this measurement does not depend on interindividual relationships either. Such measurements are called ‘samplefree’ or ‘specifically objective’ in the terminology of G. Rasch.

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