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Abstract
This is the first study to test the hypothesis that individuals' sense of commitment in joint activities and relationships may be influenced by personality traits characteristic of borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study consisted of 3 online experiments implemented via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants were presented with videos (Experiment 1) or vignettes (Experiments 2, 3) describing situations in which everyday commitments were violated. Participants then reported their perceptions, interpretations, and affective and behavioral responses to those situations. Participants' BPD traits (BPDt) were assessed using the short form of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory on the basis of which they were divided into two groups: High and Low BPDt. The results revealed that participants with High BPD traits were less optimistic about others acting in accordance with an implicit sense of commitment (Experiment 1), although there was no difference between groups when the commitment was explicitly stated (Experiment 3). Participants in the High BPDt group also reported heightened emotional responses (Experiments 1–3) and less adaptive behavioral responses (Experiments 1, 3) to perceived or anticipated violations of commitment. Our findings suggest that high levels of BPD traits may give rise to a difficulty in adapting one's social expectations and behavior in light of interpersonal commitments and in a manner that is calibrated to the social norms in the community. Future research should investigate to what extent a disturbed sense of commitment may contribute to the difficulties in interpersonal functioning experienced by many individuals with a clinical diagnosis of BPD.
Highlights
In order to cultivate and maintain healthy social relationships, it is important to be proficient in prioritizing, keeping track of, and responding appropriately to our own and others’ commitments
This is not consistent with the prediction we made based on the hypothesis that individuals with high levels of borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits are less sensitive to subtle situational factors which modulate the degree of commitment (H2)
The findings from Experiment 3 revealed no significant differences between participants in the High BPD traits (BPDt) group and participants in the Low BPDt group with respect to their expectations about a neighbor honoring an explicit commitment to show up to a casual social engagement
Summary
In order to cultivate and maintain healthy social relationships, it is important to be proficient in prioritizing, keeping track of, and responding appropriately to our own and others’ commitments. This can be especially challenging in cases in which commitments arise in the absence of any explicit agreements. Roger was not explicitly invited, but he knows that Patricia would be delighted if he dropped by, and that the other people involved could use his help organizing the party.
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