Abstract
A purposive sample of 200 (100 active and 100 inactive) adolescent students between 11 and 17 years (mean age of active students 13.40 ± 1.64 and inactive students 13.18 ± 1.40) were invited to participate in this study. The self-esteem and goal orientation of the students were determined with Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (1965) and the Task- and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ), respectively. The health-related behavior and physical fitness of the students were determined by five tests measuring upper body strength, muscular endurance, aerobic endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Group comparisons of active and inactive students were done using descriptive statistics and independent samples t-tests, while Chi square tests were used to determine the adolescents’ time spent on sedentary activities, specifically on “Sunday” and the “Other Weekdays.” The results showed a significant difference between both groups on all of the parameters of health-related physical fitness components, self-esteem, and goal orientation. Active students had higher self-esteem and task orientation, whereas inactive students showed lower self-esteem and higher ego orientation levels.
Highlights
Adolescents’ participation in physical activity (PA) has contributed positively to their health-related parameters and well-being (Dilsad Ahmed, 2013)
While inactive student did not report participation in any of the activities as discussed for categorization above, active students have been participating in their preferred physical activity/sport on average (4.16 ± 1.66) years
In a Serbian sample of active adolescents, Vesković and Milanović (2011) found high levels of positive affective outcomes and higher levels of task orientation than ego orientation. When both self-esteem and goal orientation are considered, the results suggest that active students present with high self-esteem and high task orientation, while inactive students present with low self-esteem and high ego orientation
Summary
Adolescents’ participation in physical activity (PA) has contributed positively to their health-related parameters and well-being (Dilsad Ahmed, 2013). Physical activity is a key component in the development of physical and psychological health benefits during adolescence. Sonstroem (1984) found that participation in sports helps to develop self-esteem and enhances goal orientation (Duda, 1989) regardless of the type of physical activity. The number of adolescents who are physically active seems to be low. Efforts to address the problem of physical inactivity among the youth seem to focus too much attention on individualized behavior change strategies rather than on public health approaches that requires systems thinking (Kohl & Cook, 2013; Rowland, 2007). The authors undertook the present study, with the primary aim to examine the self-esteem, goal orientation, and health-related physical fitness of active and inactive adolescent students
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