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Abstract
Hyperthermia (42° C.) exerted an inhibitory effect on the O(2) uptake of rabbit VX2 carcinoma cells in vitro, and led to a decrease in viability and growth potential of the cells, as measured by their ability to produce tumours in rabbits. Anaerobic glycolysis of the tumour cells was unaltered by hyperthermia. Respiration and anaerobic glycolysis of normal rabbit liver, kidney and red blood cells were unaffected by the elevated temperature. Local heat was applied to established VX2 tumours in vivo, with a subsequent reduction in tumour size in all cases, the most effective therapy regime being 3 one-hour applications of heat within the mean cell generation time of the tumour. Following heating there was rapid and widespread tumour cell necrosis and lysis, with subsequent replacement of the tumour architecture by connective tissue. There was a prolongation of survival time in 50% of the treated animals, which are still alive 18 months after therapy; all the control animals died within 10 weeks. The selective inhibitory effects of hyperthermia on cancer cells, and its application to human neoplasms, are discussed.
Highlights
SUMMARY.-Hyperthermia (42'C.) exerted an inhibitory effect on the 02 uptake of rabbit VX2 carcinoma cells in vitro, and led to a decrease in viability and growth potential of the cells, as measured by their ability to produce tumours in rabbits
Remissions were described in patients with a variety of tumours including neoplasms of the breast, face, cervical region, malignant melanoma, penile tumour, periosteal sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, ovarian and uterine carcinoma
Successful treatment with the bacterial products led to tumour haemorrhage and necrosis, and in the early 1940s Shear and his group attempted to isolate the pyrogenic and tumour-necrotizing substance and devise a method of bioassay to standardize its potency (Shear and Perrault, 1944)
Summary
SUMMARY.-Hyperthermia (42'C.) exerted an inhibitory effect on the 02 uptake of rabbit VX2 carcinoma cells in vitro, and led to a decrease in viability and growth potential of the cells, as measured by their ability to produce tumours in rabbits. Coley in 1893 treated cancer patients with a " toxin " (consisting of a crude filtrate from a culture of haemolytic streptococcus and B. prodigiosus) and observed that sarcoma responded more readily to the induced hyperthermia than carcinoma. Coley of whom were continued to examined at follow-up clinic for use commercial preparations of almost 50 years Althougb his pyrogenic fluid for the treatment of cancer until his death in 1936, the toxin was rarely, ff ever, standardized biologically and its effects were inconsistent and capricious. Applied heat has been employed to elevate tumour temperature, and the experimental animal system is being used to investigate the potential and possible application of this method in the treatment of primary and metastatic malignant disease in man
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