The Selection of Ribes nigrum L. and Grossularia reclinata Mill. Based on Distant Hybridization

Abstract

In this study, 1921 flower were pollinated, 484 hybrid seeds were sown, of which 41 plants were cultivated only on 6 crossing combinations. The analysis of the formed hybrid fruits and seeds of Gr. reclinata × R. nigrum showed that the fruit weight varies between 3.5–4.5 gr, the shape is round-oval, the diameter is more than 20 mm, and the color is maroon. The number of seeds per berry varies from 6 to 19. Germination of hybrid seeds is low (7.9–8.3%). Their germination is not even. In the crosses, R. nigrum × Gr. reclinata formed round, black fruits, weighing up to 1.7 gr. The number of seeds per fruit ranges from 8 to 34. Seed germination is low—from 25.6 to 29.6%. Black currant hybrids Gr. reclinata × R. nigrum inherited partial pubescence of rhachis of flower raceme, matte surface of lamina, and smooth ovary; the cylindrical shape of hypanthium and pubescence on the stile of pistil are inherited from gooseberries. The problems of the use of distant hybridization in the selection of black currants and gooseberries are considered. The hybrids of R. nigrum × Gr. reclinata are obtained. It is found out that reciprocal amphihaploids differ from the original parental forms. Stable infertility does not allow using them with practical purposes.