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Abstract
We have confirmed here that the seeds of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) do not support development of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), a pest of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] seeds. Analysis of the testa (seed coat) of the bean suggested that neither thickness nor the levels of compounds such as tannic acid, tannins, or HCN are important for the resistance. On the other hand, we have found that phaseolin (vicilin-like 7S storage globulin), detected in the testa by Western blotting and N-terminal amino acid sequencing, is detrimental to the development of C. maculatus. As for the case of other previously studied legume seeds (Canavalia ensiformis and Phaseolus lunatus) we suggest that the presence of vicilin-like proteins in the testa of P. vulgaris may have had a significant role in the evolutionary adaptation of bruchids to the seeds of leguminous plants.
Highlights
The common bean (P. vulgaris L.) is a widely cultivated, high-protein containing, legume originated in the New World which has been domesticated both in Meso America and South America (Smartt 1990)
We have recently suggested that the seeds of the legumes P., and C. ensiformis which are of New World origin and related to P. vulgaris are resistant to attack by C. maculatus due to the presence of vicilins (7S storage globulins), in the testa (Oliveira et al 1999, Moraes et al 2000)
We have here confirmed previous observations that the seeds of P. vulgaris do not support the development of the bruchid C. maculatus (Applebaum et al 1970)
Summary
The common bean (P. vulgaris L.) is a widely cultivated, high-protein containing, legume originated in the New World which has been domesticated both in Meso America and South America (Smartt 1990). The common bean seeds are endowed with an array of low and high molecular weight substances that protect them against attack by many herbivores (Smartt 1990). We have recently suggested that the seeds of the legumes P., and C. ensiformis which are of New World origin and related to P. vulgaris are resistant to attack by C. maculatus due to the presence of vicilins (7S storage globulins), in the testa (Oliveira et al 1999, Moraes et al 2000)
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