Abstract
The article examines the variety of names of the Black Sea, the meaning and origin of ancient pelagonyms (Pontus Euxinus, Axšaina, Temarunda) and sacronyms (Ōkeanós, Poseidon, Pontus) related to the Black Sea. The author made a critical analysis of various accounts about the origin of the Black Sea pelagonyms denoting black color (inhospitable climate, darkish scenery, hydrogen sulfide contamination, etc.). The article proposes a hypothesis that the predominance of dark pelagonyms may be attributed to the geocatastrophe of the Black Sea transgression in the early Holocene, and examines the Black Sea delugе as a mythological narrative and as a scientific hypothesis. The author attempted to model the ecological disaster of the Black Sea deluge, whereby the flood eroded dark sediments, creating mudflow waves and huge flows of black slurry. The Black Sea deluge, most probably, triggered ancient humanitarian disaster, transformation of the worldview, and made a big influence on the further history and culture in the Circum-Pontic and the Mediterranean regions.
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