The secondary structure of large-subunit rRNA divergent domains, a marker for protist evolution

Abstract

The secondary structure of the large-subunit ribosomal RNA (24–265 rRNA) has been studied with emphasis on comparative analysis of the folding patterns of the divergent domains in the available protist sequences, that is Prorocentrum micans (dinoflagellate), Saccharomyces carlsbergensis (yeast), Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate), Physarum polycephalum and Dictyostelium discoideum (slime moulds), Crithidia fasciculata and Giardia lamblia (parasitic flagellates). The folding for the D8, D7a and D10 divergent domains has been refined and a consensus model for the protist 24–265 rRNA structure is proposed. Two hundred seventy-seven nucleotide-long aligned sequences representing all or part of the D8, H82-89, D8, D9 and D10 divergent domains are used for the construction of unrooted phylogenetic trees either calculated from a nucleotide difference matrix, or determined with the PAUP programme based on the parsimony method. Both phylogenies suggest three major branchings, the first leading to the dinoflagellate (which branches off first), ciliate and yeast, the second to the slime moulds, and the last to the parasitic flagellates.