The scientific practical input of academician N. O. Milanov in development of national plastic surgery: To the Seventieth anniversary

Abstract

Nikolai Olegovich Milanov, the academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, leading Russian surgeon, Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation, is one of the pioneers of development of reconstructive microsurgery in our country. He made immense contribution to development of modern plastic and reconstructive microsurgery. He is the author of unique developments that inputted significantly into successive achievements in treatment of traumatic and iatrogenic tissue defects and congenital pathology. The priority areas of his research were replantation of fingers, hands and larger segments of limbs in adults and lower extremities in children, abjuncted because of wheeled traumas, auto-transplantation of revasculized tissue complexes in post-traumatic, congenital and acquired pathologies in adults and children, in oncologic diseases, in extensive tracheal defects, reconstructive microsurgery of blood and lymph vessels and peripheral nerves, reconstructive microsurgery in male and female infertility. He introduced to clinical practice great number of new surgical interventions based on micro-surgical auto-transplantation of various tissue complexes. He achieved brilliant successes in scientific and practical activities during 39 years of work. He was the first in the world who underwent a successful re-implantation of lower limb, amputated at the level of upper third of leg by train wheel in 2.5-year-old child. He also was the first surgeon who performed unique operation of simultaneous replantation of two limbs, amputated at the level of middle third of leg in 7-year-old child. N. O. Milanov used the micro-surgical technique of applying direct lymphatic venous anastomoses in lymphatic edema. He developed innovative methods of multiple transplantation of toes to hand and transplantation of omentum, for example, to close defects of the scalp in basal cell carcinoma. This brilliant surgeon can be called the founder of clinical auto-transplantology. He actively participated in resolving problem of "prefabrication" of various tissue complexes with desired properties for their subsequent auto-transplantation. Under the direction of N. O. Milanov, the new scientific school was formed that included such well-known surgeons as R. T. Adamyan, A. I. Nerobeev, I. V. Reshetov and many others.