Abstract
Foundation scour is among the main causes of bridge collapse worldwide, resulting in significant direct and indirect losses. A vast amount of research has been carried out during the last decades on the physics and modelling of this phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive, and holistic literature review of the problem of scour at bridge foundations, with a focus on the following topics: (i) sediment particle motion; (ii) physical modelling and controlling dimensionless scour parameters; (iii) scour estimates encompassing empirical models, numerical frameworks, data-driven methods, and non-deterministic approaches; (iv) bridge scour monitoring including successful examples of case studies; (v) current approach for assessment and design of bridges against scour; and, (vi) research needs and future avenues.
Highlights
This paper aims to present an up-to-date state-of-the-art review on bridge scour
Local scour occurs around these structures because of the limited influence range they have on the river flow
A review paper treating the topic of bridge scour under waves can be found at Gazi et al [81], whereas scour at bridge foundations under supercritical flows was recently reviewed by Link et al [82]
Summary
“If a builder builds a house for a man and does not make its construction firm, and the house which he has built collapses and causes the death of the owner of the house, that builder shall be put to death. Scour is an erosional process that can occur in rivers due to the interaction between any type of structure located underwater and the river flow It is by far the leading cause of bridge failure worldwide resultingprocess in significant direct and due disruption to road networks in any terms of. Scour is[3,4,5,6,7,8], an erosional that can occurlosses in rivers to the interaction between type transportation operation, petrol, and highthe traffic, dueleading to temporary closure, of structure located underwater riveradditional flow It islaborers by far the cause of bridgedetours failure to the network road, and reconstruction workslosses [9,10,11].and.
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