The Schott energy and the reactive energy in electromagnetic radiation and mutual coupling

Abstract

In the proposed theory for analyzing the electromagnetic radiation and mutual couplings in vacuum, the electromagnetic energy associated with a source is separated into three parts: a Coulomb-velocity energy, a radiative energy and a macroscopic Schott energy. When the sources disappear, the Coulomb-velocity energy disappears simultaneously; a short time later, the total macroscopic Schott energy becomes zero, while the radiative energy keeps propagating and the total radiative energy becomes constant. By applying the Liénard-Wiechert potentials to a moving charge, this paper illustrates that the macroscopic Schott energy corresponds to the Schott energy in the charged particle theory.