Abstract
Introduction. The stressfulness of modern society necessitates studying the factors in human positive functioning. As the practice of such research shows, the leading role in advancing toward an individual’s high-quality life belongs actually to his/her psychological resources, in particular his/her salutogenic orientation as a resource helping a personality remain stable in various circumstances of life. Aim. To identify salutogenic factors in an individual’s psychological well-being. Methods. J. Crumbaugh, L. Maholic’s Purpose-in-Life-Test; Maddi`s Hardiness Survey; the test-questionnaire of self-attitude proposed by V. Stolin, S. Pantileev; C. Riff’s model of psychological well-being; Wiesbaden Inventory (WIPPF) developed by N. Peseschkian and X. Deidenbach; R. Lazarus and S. Folkman method examining coping strategies of (the General Causality Orientation Scale of E. Deci, R. Ryan; A. Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence scales. Results. Psychological resources maintaining and strengthening health and tolerance to stress, maintaining and developing personal opportunities are associated with the presence and awareness of life goals, positive self-acceptance, positive relationships with others and the ability to influence life events. An individual’s salutogenic orientation is based on a humanistic worldview, which is a sign of personal maturity, and such personal abilities as hope, love, trust, justice, politeness and others that are behavioural norms and ensure personal freedom and responsibility. Conclusions. From the standpoint of the salutogenic approach, human psychological health is considered as a state characterized by a certain position in the continuum between mental disorder and psychological well-being. An individual’s salutogenic orientation is the psychological basis for achieving the positive functioning states – psychological hardiness, life satisfaction and psychological well-being.
Highlights
The stressfulness of modern society necessitates studying the factors in human positive functioning
As the practice of such research shows, the leading role in advancing toward an individual’s high-quality life belongs to his/her psychological resources, in particular his/her salutogenic orientation as a resource helping a personality remain stable in various circumstances of life
Psychological resources maintaining and strengthening health and tolerance to stress, maintaining and developing personal opportunities are associated with the presence and awareness of life goals, positive self-acceptance, positive relationships with others and the ability to influence life events
Summary
The stressfulness of modern society necessitates studying the factors in human positive functioning. Analysed works in the criteria of an individual’s mental health shows that the main role has harmonious organization of his/her psychological space and his/her adaptive capabilities, in particular, the ability to change behaviour adequately in accordance with changes in the environment, as well as accepted moral and ethical norms, commitment and responsibility to loved ones, the ability to realize their life plans (Bowling, Banister, Sutton, Evans, & Winsdor, 2002). Numerous empirical studies (Bowling, Banister, Sutton, Evans, & Winsdor, 2002; Rigby, & Huebner, 2005 et al.) suggest that subjective self-assessment of one’s own well-being and health are more important variables than objective economic or socio-demographic factors characterizing quality of life. The key factors assessing psychological well-being are, in particular, adaptation, self-control and self-efficacy, morale, self-esteem, perceived as control over life (locus), expected life, optimism-pessimism, social values, beliefs, aspirations, etc. (Bowling, Banister, Sutton, Evans, & Winsdor, 2002; Shamionov, 2004; Serdiuk, et al.)
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