The Saliva Cortisol and Amylase Levels Related with Stress Response Compared by Different Analytical Methods.

Rabia Şemsi,Burak Arslan,Umut Kökbaş,Aylin Sepici Dinçel,Erdal Ergünol,Levent Kayrın

doi:10.1007/s12010-021-03676-9

Abstract

Sampling of salivary cortisol and amylase is a non-invasive method and important for the evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function and stress levels. This study aimed to compare the values of the salivary cortisol and amylase levels which were measured by three different analytical methods to discuss the alterations of stress levels of samples. The saliva samples of young adults (n = 23) were collected between 08.00 and 09.00 a.m., noon at 12.00 (before exam) and between 14.00 and 15.00 p.m. (after unaware exam).The samples were measured within the first 48h, and no freezing/thawing was done. Salivary cortisol and amylase levels of subjects were measured by three different analytical methods as ELISA, chemiluminescence and biosensor methods. Comparison of ELISA and biosensor methods in order to determine thesalivary cortisol levels showed a good correlation y = 2.971 + 0.748x (R2 = 0.839). Salivary amylase concentrations were only detected by ELISA method. Biosensor can be offered as an alternative analytic method to the conventional determination method ELISA. It can be preferred because of the detection/information effectiveness, low cost, fast results and specificity characteristics.

Highlights

This study aims to compare the values of the cortisol and salivary amylase measured by using three diffeent analytical methods and discuss the comparison of stress levels of samples.Young adults (n =23) saliva samples were collected between 08.00 and 09.00 am, noon at 12.00 and 14.00-15.00 during the first 48 hours, no freezing / thawing was done
Saliva samples can be used as a non-invasive monitoring tool for stress analysis by measuring the cortisol levels which is one of the biomarker of stress in addition to salivary enzyme, α-amylase and glucocorticoids [1,2,3].Recently, saliva samples have been prefered instead of blood samples as the salivary cortisol levels correlate to the cortisol levels in serum samples
We divided saliva samples into 3 sets: the first set was for Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) kit, second set was for biosensor and the other set was for chemiluminescence immunoassay

Summary

Introduction

Saliva samples can be used as a non-invasive monitoring tool for stress analysis by measuring the cortisol levels which is one of the biomarker of stress in addition to salivary enzyme, α-amylase and glucocorticoids [1,2,3].Recently, saliva samples have been prefered instead of blood samples as the salivary cortisol levels correlate to the cortisol levels in serum samples. The saliva level of cortisol reliably reflects hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and has been used in many studies as a biological stress marker [7]. Saliva α-amylase enzyme, that is produced by the salivary glands, released as a result of activation of the autonomic nervous system and breaks down the starch [8]. Both physiological and psychological stressors are used to demonstrate the relationship between saliva α-amylase enzyme and stress. Saliva α-amylase enzyme is used as an indicator in non-invasive measurement of stress and these measurements generally use the substrate method (CNPG3) [10]

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