Abstract
BackgroundThe objective of our investigation is to study the relationship between the rs4939827 SNP in the SMAD7 gene, Mediterranean diet pattern and the risk of colorectal cancer.MethodsWe examined 1087 cases of colorectal cancer and 2409 population controls with available DNA samples from the MCC-Spain study, 2008–2012. Descriptive statistical analyses, and multivariate logistic mixed models were performed. The potential synergistic effect of rs4939827 and the Mediterranean diet pattern was evaluated with logistic regression in different strata of of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the genotype.ResultsHigh adherence to Mediterrenean diet was statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. A decreased risk for CRC cancer was observed for the CC compared to the TT genotype (OR = 0.65 and 95% CI = 0.51–0.81) of the rs4939827 SNP Also, we could show an association between the Mediterranean diet pattern (protective factor) and rs4939827. Although the decreased risk for the CC genotype was slightly more pronounced in subjects with high adherence to Mediterrenean diet, there was no statistically significant synergistic effect between genotype CC and adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern factors.ConclusionThe SMAD7 gene and specifically the allele C could be protective for colorectal cancer. An independent protective association was also observed between high adherence Mediterranean diet pattern and CRC risk. Findings form this study indicate that high adherence to Mediterranean diet pattern has a protective role for CRC cancer probably involving the Tumor Growth Factor- β pathway in this cancer.
Highlights
The objective of our investigation is to study the relationship between the rs4939827 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in the SMAD family member 7 (SMAD7) gene, Mediterranean diet pattern and the risk of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence in men, and the second highest in women worldwide [1]. This cancer has an increasing incidence in developing countries [2] probably due to the increasing prevalence of environmental factors that contribute to the development of CRC, for instance, dietary pattern and physical activity [3]
The goal of this article is to investigate the relationship between the rs4939827 SNP, the Mediterranean Diet Pattern and the risk of CRC
Summary
The objective of our investigation is to study the relationship between the rs4939827 SNP in the SMAD7 gene, Mediterranean diet pattern and the risk of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence in men, and the second highest in women worldwide [1] This cancer has an increasing incidence in developing countries [2] probably due to the increasing prevalence of environmental factors that contribute to the development of CRC, for instance, dietary pattern and physical activity [3]. Gene-Environment (GxE) interactions may play an essential role in increasing the susceptibility to developing colorectal cancer [3]. Among these factors, it is important to pay attention to the Mediterranean Diet Pattern adherence, since lower adherence to this pattern is more common as a direct consequence of the general westernization of the lifestyle’s population [5,6,7]. The lack of knowledge about the interactions between diet-polymorphism is a huge problem for the public health [9]
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