Abstract
In this chapter it is first argued that numerous linguistic phenomena located at the heart of grammar, e.g. deixis, reference, tense, aspect, modality, sentence mode, and intonation, have their origin in the routinization of commonalities extracted from usage events. These commonalities are represented by more or less strongly entrenched pragmatic associations. Then it is claimed that implicatures and other inferential mechanisms such as metaphors, metonymies, irony, as well as connotations and style and register awareness are also based on the routinization of pragmatic associations. These claims are condensed in three pragmatic-strengthening principles: situational pragmatic strengthening, inferential pragmatic strengthening, and pragmatic strengthening of situated meanings. The fundamental role of pragmatic associations for shaping core grammar is emphasized.
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