Abstract
Abstract The paper presents a further study of the procedure to derive the mutual orientation of two reference frames by representation of the systematic differences in terms of spherical functions (THE ROTOR). The emphasis is on ROTOR's application to catalogs that are characterized by a low-density distribution of the objects of comparison (such as the catalogs of radio sources). A sequence of catalogs with decreasing density is considered (the FK5, the Catalog of Radio Stars (RS), the JPL 1982–3 Radio Source Catalog and the IERS celestial Reference Frame). A comparison between the Standard Method based on the least-squares technique and ROTOR is made. It is shown that in the case where the systematic differences are rotation and systematic noise, the Standard Method fails to reconstruct the parameters of rotation for all the catalogs considered, whereas ROTOR yields the correct solutions for all the catalogs, except the IERS, which contains too few objects with a poor distribution over the celestial sphere.
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