Abstract
The Camorra is a closed sect that acts in the shadows and does not collect and preserve documents that can later be studied by scholars or researchers. It is hard to rebuild the history of the Camorra: the picture is fragmented, a mix of half-truths and legends. The aim of this article is to make a diachronic excursus in order to find out the origins of the Neapolitan Camorra, that has had a longer history than any of the other mafias, and to explain how this secret organization has changed its main features from 1800 to the present and from the Bella Societa Riformata to Nuova Camorra Organizzata. Finally the modern clans that fight to keep the possession of their territory and operate like financial holdings in order to improve their business through legal and illegal affairs.
Highlights
From a criminological point of view, it is interesting to understand the influence that such a crime organization, the Camorra, has had on its members and territories where it carries out its legal and illegal activities
The enquiry points out the most relevant features of the Camorra, especially the crime realities on the Campania territory, without neglecting those elements concerning collective behavior from the study of clans, the characteristics of crime business and nets that make a thorough analysis of the crime phenomenon of the Camorra possible
It is a crime business that makes the plan of real development difficult to do or achieve
Summary
From a criminological point of view, it is interesting to understand the influence that such a crime organization, the Camorra, has had on its members and territories where it carries out its legal and illegal activities. It is relevant to examine the evolution that the Camorra has had over the years and its changes inside the social context. From a mechanism of social control, nowadays the clans have economical interests. This change is influenced and connected to the loss of urban connotation of the Camorra as it has a regional, national and international connotation, abandoning the Camorra of alleys without losing its authority on their followers. Each clan is able to convey particular values to society and young people: these values attract them to the criminological pact, especially if social, institutional and cultural reference points are absent. The rules, facts, business, rituals, and strict discipline emphasize criminological aspects, to point out the influence that Camorra has had on the society and its affiliates
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