Abstract
<p indent="0mm">The urea cycle (UC) is the production of urea from ammonia, a metabolic waste product, through a series of enzymatic reactions. It plays an important role in maintaining amino acid levels and ammonia homeostasis. The complete UC process takes place almost exclusively in the liver. While the UC is dysregulated in cancer, tumor cells adapt to their environment and regulate biosynthesis by regulating the expression of urea cycle enzymes. Meanwhile, the shortcomings of tumor are exposed by the dysregulation of the UC. Understanding the evolvability of the UC pathway in cancer provides the basis for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here we review the differential regulation of UC enzymes in tumorigenesis and the reprogramming of UC in tumor cells. Also, this review summarizes the relationship between UC and tumor microenvironment and cancer therapy.
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